{"id":514,"date":"2009-02-15T12:00:18","date_gmt":"2009-02-15T18:00:18","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.kirkmahoney.com\/blog\/2009\/02\/sank-vs-sunk-vs-sunken\/"},"modified":"2011-05-31T11:57:26","modified_gmt":"2011-05-31T17:57:26","slug":"sank-vs-sunk-vs-sunken","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.kirkmahoney.com\/wordpress\/blog\/2009\/02\/sank-vs-sunk-vs-sunken\/","title":{"rendered":"&#8220;Sank&#8221; vs. &#8220;Sunk&#8221; vs. &#8220;Sunken&#8221;"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>My wife made me think this morning about the verb &#8220;sink&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Problem:<\/strong><br \/>\nSome pairs of these verb forms are synonyms, which causes confusion.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Explanation:<\/strong><br \/>\nMy wife used the word &#8220;sunken&#8221; this morning.<\/p>\n<p>This made me wonder about the difference between &#8220;sunk&#8221; and &#8220;sunken&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p>And this led me to a dictionary.<\/p>\n<p>The verb &#8220;sink&#8221; has these basic forms:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Sink<\/strong> &#8212; present simple, as in &#8220;I sink when I do not dog-paddle.&#8221;<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sank<\/strong> &#8212; preterite, as in &#8220;He sank my battleship!&#8221;<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sunk<\/strong> &#8212; past participle, as in &#8220;She has sunk the deal.&#8221;<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sinking<\/strong> &#8212; present continuous, as in &#8220;Hey, your boat is sinking!&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>But here are the catches that lead to confusion:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>&#8220;Sunk&#8221; is often used as a synonym for &#8220;sank&#8221;.<\/li>\n<li>&#8220;Sunken&#8221; <em>is definitely<\/em> a synonym for &#8220;sunk&#8221;.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Putting the above two lists together, we see that the verb &#8220;sink&#8221; actually has these basic forms:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Sink<\/strong> &#8212; present simple<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sank<\/strong> or often <strong>Sunk<\/strong> &#8212; preterite<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sunk<\/strong> or <strong>Sunken<\/strong> &#8212; past participle<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sinking<\/strong> &#8212; present continuous<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Solution:<\/strong><br \/>\nI recommend avoiding &#8220;sunk&#8221; as a preterite and instead always using &#8220;sank&#8221; as the preterite. And I recommend using &#8220;sunk&#8221; in your writing and speech as the past participle but recognizing that &#8220;sunken&#8221; is a standard alternative as a past participle, especially in literary references such as &#8220;The pirates were looking for sunken treasure.&#8221;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>My wife made me think this morning about the verb &#8220;sink&#8221;. Problem: Some pairs of these verb forms are synonyms, which causes confusion. Explanation: My wife used the word &#8220;sunken&#8221; this morning. This made me wonder about the difference between &#8220;sunk&#8221; and &#8220;sunken&#8221;. And this led me to a dictionary. The verb &#8220;sink&#8221; has these&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-514","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-verbs","category-versus"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>&quot;Sank&quot; vs. &quot;Sunk&quot; vs. &quot;Sunken&quot; - Kirk Mahoney . com<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kirkmahoney.com\/wordpress\/blog\/2009\/02\/sank-vs-sunk-vs-sunken\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"&quot;Sank&quot; vs. &quot;Sunk&quot; vs. &quot;Sunken&quot; - Kirk Mahoney . com\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"My wife made me think this morning about the verb &#8220;sink&#8221;. 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